Coronavirus (SARS CoV-2) the cause of COVID-19 a fatal disease emerged from Wuhan, a large city in the Chinese province of Hubei in December 2019.
pharmacology
Description
ABSTRACT:
Background: Coronavirus
(SARS CoV-2) the cause of COVID-19 a fatal disease emerged from Wuhan, a large
city in the Chinese province of Hubei in December 2019.
Main
body of abstract: World health organization declared this as a
pandemic due to spread of the virus to other countries inside and outside Asia.
Initial confirmation of the pandemic shows patient exposure to Huanan seafood market.
It is found that bats might be a major hosts for spread of coronaviruses via
unknown intermediate host. The human to human transfer has become a great
concern due to one of the major reasons that is asymptomatic carriers or silent
spreaders. Although many clinical trials are underway but no data is obtained
regarding prophylactic treatment for COVID-19.
Conclusion: The
most effective weapon is prevention and precaution to avoid spread of the
pandemic. In this current review we outline pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment,
ongoing clinical trials, prevention and precautions. We also discuss the impact
of pandemic worldwide and challenges which can help to overcome the fatal
disease in future.
KEYWORDS: COVID-19,
SARS-CoV-2, Lifecycle, Pathogenesis, Prevention, Clinical trials.
BACKGROUND
Coronaviruses (CoVs)
are enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses; they are characterized by club-like
spikes that project from their surface, and have an unusually large RNA genome.
They show a unique replication strategy. The term “coronavirus” is derived from
the “crown”-like morphology. Coronaviruses cause a variety of diseases in
animals and birds and potentially lethal human respiratory infections [[i]].
Coronavirus is one of
the major pathogens that primarily target the human respiratory system.
Previous outbreaks of coronaviruses CoVs include the severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) which
have been previously characterized as agents that are a great public health
threat [[ii]].
