Classifications, Vocabularies, and Terminologies: Clinical Standards Part I
Clinical standards for the representation of health information are those that directly pertain to the practice of medicine-and in particular as that practice relates to patients. With its origins in the mid-nineteenth century, the International Classification of Diseases, or ICD, is one of the longest-standing clinical information classification systems in use in health care today. A global standard that is promoted by the World Health Organization for the diagnostic classification of disease, the ICD is used to report and categorize diseases, health-related conditions, and external causes of disease and injury as a means of usably compiling health information related to illness, injury, and death. Approximately 100 years after the ICD first appeared, the American Psychiatric Association published the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or DSM, a standardized classification of mental disorders that was developed to meet the need of the psychiatric profession for a robust and authoritative diagnostic guide-a need that was not fully met by the ICD.
To prepare for this Discussion explore the history and purpose of the ICD and the DSM, as well as the roles played by the World Health Organization and the American Psychiatric Association in their respective developments. You will also examine how each of these classification systems is structured, how they are used by providers in the delivery of care, and how they are maintained and revised by their parent organizations. Finally, you will take a close look at the various modifications and recent revisions of the ICD and distinguish between the specifics of each.
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