Logic gates are the basic building blocks of any digital system. They can have one or more inputs and only one output.

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Introduction: 

• Logic gates are the basic building blocks of any digital system. They can have one or more inputs and only one output. The relationship between the input and the output is based on a certain logic. Based on this, logic gates are named as AND gate, OR gate, NOT gate etc. 

• Digital logic circuits operate using two binary states, which are normally represented by two distinct voltages: a high voltage VH for logic “1” and low voltage VL for logic “0” (Figure 1). However, within each of these two voltage states, there is a range of voltages that define the upper and lower voltages of these two binary states.


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