1. Virtualization technology is the pillar of infrastructure as a service (IaaS). It refers to the logical abstraction of physical resources, such as compute, network, and storage that enables a single hardware resource to support multiple concurrent instances of systems or multiple hardware resources to support single instance of system. Explain how such technology is used to create Virtual appliance, Virtual Network, Virtual Machine, Virtual Switch, and so on.
2. Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported, providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service. Describe the techniques used by the provider to establish bills for the different users (Measured Services).
3. The term "software multitenancy" refers to a software architecture in which a single instance of software runs on a server and serves multiple tenants. Systems designed in such manner are often called shared (in contrast to dedicated or isolated). A tenant is a group of users who share a common access with specific privileges to the software instance. With a multitenant architecture, a software application is designed to provide every tenant a dedicated share of the instance - including its data, configuration, user management, tenant individual functionality and non-functional properties. Multitenancy contrasts with multi-instance architectures, where separate software instances operate on behalf of different tenants (Wikipedia). Explain in details the principle of software multitenancy in the cloud.
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